In Convict Labor in the Portuguese Empire, Timothy J. Coates examines the numbers, rationale, and realities of convict labor (largely) in Angola from 1800 to 1932. Mozambique is a secondary area as w
This book examines how the early modern Portuguese state used convicts and orphans to populate its global empire over a period of two hundred years. In a country with as small a population base and th
Fraud, scandal, theft of royal funds, official graft, and cover-ups: these are the subjects of the 1612 exposé written by Diogo do Couto in his Dialog of a Veteran Soldier. Couto revealed too much and
