英語被動結構習得（簡體書）

本文主要研究中國學生對英語被動結構的習得，旨在解決他們在學習過程中遇到的英語動詞可被動性問題。具體說來，動詞own可以用于被動語態，have卻不行。比如英語可以說The house is owned by John，而不能說The house is had by John。own和have雖都是及物動詞，但是在被動結構中的表現卻不盡相同。二者之間這一區別在外語課堂教學中老師通常并未傳授給學生。因此，在沒有接受這方面教育(negativeevidence)的情況下，學生能否習得到哪些動詞可以、哪些動詞又不可以用于被動結構呢?這正是本文要解決的問題。
通過分析英語的被動結構，作者利用語義結構理論(semantic structure theory)(Pinker l989)對上述問題做了深入的探討。根據語義結構理論，作者認為在動詞及其兩個論元中一定存在著與動詞可被動性相關聯的意義成分。經分析發現，動詞的賓語在被動過程中起決定性作用。因此提出了“賓語受作用”(Object Affected Condition)這一條件。該條件指出，只要動詞賓語受到此動詞動作的作用，無論是具體的、表面上的，還是抽象的、引申意義上的，該動詞都可用于主被動結構的轉換。因此賓語的受作用成為動詞參與主被動轉換的主要語義成分，對學生習得被動結構起著關鍵性作用。

Preface by Professor Chuming WANG
Acknowledgments.
前言
Abstract
Chapter 1 Learnability and Language Learnin9
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Learnability Problem of Language Acquisition
1.3 Leamability Considerations in Second Language Acquisition
1.4 Language Input
1.4.1 Positive Evidence
1.4.2 Negative Evidence
1.4.3 Negative Evidence in L2 Acquisition
　1.5 Overgeneralization and Language Transfer
　1.6 Thematic Hierarchy Condition
　1.7 Transitivity Theory
1.7.1 The Transitivity Hypothesis
1.7.2 Morphosyntactic Reflexes of Transitivity
1.7.3 Criticisms of the Transitivity Hypothesis
1.8 Semantic Structure Theory
1.8.1 Conflafion and Semantic Structure
1.8.2 Passive in English
1.8.3 Limitations of Pinker’S Theory
1.9 Passivization as the Target of Research
1.10 Summary
Chapter 2 English Passivization
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Characteristics of Passive Construcfions
2.3 Transitivity and the Passire
2.4 The Active—Passive Alternation
2.4.1 Predication Effect
2.4.2 Agency Effect
2.5 Object Affected Condifion
2.6 English Passivizable Verbs
2.6.1 Canonical Action Verbs
2.6.2 Nonactional Verbs
2.6.3 Psych Verbs
2.7 English Non-Passivizable Verbs
2.8 Summary
Chapter 3 Crosslinguisfic Variation and Language Transfer
3.1 Introduction
3.2 A Comparative Study of Chinese Passivization
3.2.1 The B—Passive
3.2.2 The Nofional Passive
323 Argument Animacy and Verb Transitivity
3.2.4 The Role of Animacy and Its Effect on Passivization
3.3 Overpassivization of Unaccusative Verbs
3.4 Crosslinguistic Influences
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 Testing LearnersKnowledge of the English Passive
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Study 1
4.2.1 Subjects
4.2.2 Materials
4.2.3 Procedure
4.2.4 Scoring
4.2.5 Results and Discussion
　……
Chapter 5 General Discussion and Conclusions
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
References