尋找心靈的家園：陳染和譚恩美小說比較研究（簡體書）

《當代人文學學術文庫·尋找心靈的家園：陳染和譚恩美小說比較研究》旨在從比較文學和文化研究的角度探討中國當代女性作家陳染和華裔美國女性作家譚恩美小說中所體現出的女性自我意識的迷失和重構。陳染和譚恩美盡管身處不同的社會文化語境，但兩人的創作均源自女性內心的獨特感受，以個人言說的方式，關注女性在特殊的家庭背景和強大的父權話語影響下的心靈成長歷程。
除緒論和結語外，《當代人文學學術文庫·尋找心靈的家園：陳染和譚恩美小說比較研究》共分六章。緒論回顧了陳染和譚恩美的個人經歷和創作階段，并對兩者的可比性進行了詳細的闡釋。第一章為文本研究的鋪墊，介紹了《當代人文學學術文庫·尋找心靈的家園：陳染和譚恩美小說比較研究》的研究問題和選材依據，并討論了本書涉及的研究方法和核心概念，包括新批評理論、身份認同理論、女性主義各階段特征及其後現代轉向。作者還對關于兩位作家的文獻研究進行了細致的梳理和分析，以突出本書的切入點和研究意義。第二章至第四章分別結合後現代女性主義理論、心理分析和身份認同理論對陳染和譚恩美小說中所表現出的母女關系、兩性關系和女性情誼進行了文本細讀式的比較研究。在橫向比較的同時，作者在每章第一部分又縱向梳理了每一主題在中美文學傳統中的表現及演變，并結合當時的社會歷史環境詳細分析了主題演變的原因，以期對陳染和譚恩美作品的共性、差異及意義進行更深入的探討。
在前三章主題對比的基礎上，本書第五章重點分析了兩位作家作品中的文體學特征。通過挖掘主人公的夢境、幻覺以及小說中關于鏡子和鳥的意象隱喻，可以看出陳染和譚恩美在創作中滲透的女性主體性的覺醒和潛意識下對女性身份危機的憂慮。
本書最後一章旨在從作家寫作策略的角度回顧陳染和譚恩美在主題和意象賦碼中體現的異同之處。筆者從文化研究的立場出發，詳細解讀了陳染的“個人化寫作”和“超性別意識”以及譚恩美“講故事”的敘事策略和對母性譜系的追尋。兩位作家在特定的社會文化語境下所采取的差異化的寫作策略從某種程度上解釋了兩人在主題表現和意象隱喻上的不同側重。在重拾女性身份意識的過程中，陳染和譚恩美分別選擇了從女性情誼和母女紐帶中汲取精神力量，但兩者又不謀而合地采取了“個人敘事”的寫作策略。無論是陳染筆下現代女性的身體體驗和生存之痛，還是譚恩美作品中華裔移民幾代母女的艱辛歷程，都寄托了作家對精神獨立、自由平等的人類理想的向往。本章還從後現代女性主義的視角考察了陳染和譚恩美作品中共同體現的女性主義意識。陳染對女性身體的審美再現及其“超性別意識”對性別范疇的解構與西蘇“身體寫作”和巴特勒“性別表演”的思想異曲同工，而譚恩美為了重建斷裂的母性譜系而使用的多元交叉式的敘事技巧與伊利格瑞關于“女性譜系”和克里斯蒂娃對母性理論的論述不無相似之處。
在這場跨越時空的對話中，陳染和譚恩美以各自精湛的筆觸向讀者展示了女性心靈的尋根之旅和對心靈家園的不懈追求。

和靜，北京外國語大學英語學院教師，博士。現任該校MTI項目主任，翻譯研究中心副主任，中國跨文化交際學會和國際跨文化交際學會會員。主要研究方向為比較文學和翻譯理論與實踐。2005年赴法國擔任聯合國教科文組織執委會和大會同傳譯員；2010-2011年赴美國路易維爾大學訪學；累計為百余場國際會議提供了高質量的同聲傳譯服務。出版有《大學英語快速閱讀》、《英語翻譯三級陽譯》、《十里店：一個中國農村的革命》等教材和譯著，并在國內外期刊和文集中發表論文十余篇。

INTRODUCTION
A. Chen Ran and Amy Tan-A Biographical Sketch
B. Rationale for a Comparison between Chen Ran and Amy Tan
C. Organization of the Book

CHAPTERISETTING THE SCENE AND A LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Research Questions and Selection of Materials
B. Research Methodologies
C. Previous Scholarship on Chen Ran and Amy Tan

CHAPTERII MOTHER-DAUGHTERRELATIONSHIP-FROM REBELLION TO RECONCILIATION
A. Representations of the Mother in Contemporary Westem and Chinese Narratives
B. A Thematic Comparison on Mother-Daughter Relationship

CHAPTERIII HETEROSEXUALRELATIONSHIP-FROM ATTACHMENT TO BANISHMENT
A. Awakening Identity in Westem and Chinese Female Literary Tradition
B. A Thematic Comparison on Heterosexual Relationship

CHAPTERIV SISTERHOOD-FROM CONSOLATION TO SALVATION
A. Sisterhood Is Powerful
B. A Thematic Comparison on Sisterhood
C. Acceptance of Sisterhood: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

CHAPTER V A COMPARISON OF METAPHORICALIMAGERIES
A. Dreams, Illusions and Women's Identity Crisis
B. The Mirror and Women's Self-Recognition
C. Birds and Women's Dream of lndependence

CHAPTER VIWRITING STRATEGIES OF CHEN RAN AND AMY TAN
A. Chen Ran's Personalized Writing and Gender-Transcendent Consciousness
B. Amy Tan-Talk Story and Matrilineal Reconstruction
C. Divergent Strategies, Same Pursuit
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

According to Hirsch， "the impetus to return to a pre-oedipal， pre-verbal moment of origin" through mother-daughter bonding is meant to "provide an instrument for binding the fragments of self，" and serves as the foundation for "a definition of genderdifference" and a framing structure of subject formation that displaces fathers and other male figures from the "feminist family romance" （130）. Such a view is supported bypsychoanalytic feminists such as Nancy Chodorow， Luce Irigaray， Julia Kristeva and Helene Cixous from the postmodern school of thought.
For Chodorow， American feminist sociologist and psychoanalytic， female identity is not based on the oedipal expulsion of the mother， but on the pre-oedipalidentification with the mother: "The character of the infant's early relation to its moth erprofoundly affects its sense of self， its later object-relationships， and its feelings about its mother and about women in general" （Chodorow 77）. According to Chodorow， the role identification of a girl is determined by her on-going attachment to her mother as the primary caretaker. Different from a boy who is supposed to "detach hisheterosexual orientation from his mother" and identify himself with the father out of the fear for castration so as to resolve the Oedipus complex， a girl's "relationship of dependence， attachment， and symbiosis to her mother continues" as she enters into the Oedipus stage （129）. Although according to psychoanalysts an oedipal girl "oscillates between attachment" to both of her parents， given the "normal situation of parenting"and personality composition， fathers cannot match mothers as "emotionally exclusiveoedipal object" for girls （ibid.）. In other words， women's "closeness to the mother" instead of their "shift of allegiance to the father" defines their development process in culture （Hirsch 132）. As Chodorow claims， "the mother is very important in the daughter's psyche and sense of self， such that core psychological and in terpersonal experiences for women can be understood in terms of this internal mother-daughterlineage" （Chodorow viii）.
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