C++面向對象程序設計雙語教程（簡體書）

為使讀者快速建立面向對象的概念、循序漸進地理解OOP技術的各知識點內容、系統地建立OOP完整的知識架構及利用OOP方法完整地解決一個實際應用問題，《普通高等院校“十二五”規劃教材：C++面向對象程序設計雙語教程》以OOP知識節點遞進式組成各章節內容，並以實際應用問題作為樣例貫穿於全書。《普通高等院校“十二五”規劃教材：C++面向對象程序設計雙語教程》內容是作者根據十餘年擔任OOP課程教學、OOP課程設計體會及多年指導學生畢業設計、課程設計和計算機程序競賽所積累的經驗而精心組織的，各章節內容結構清晰，便於學習和掌握。

《普通高等院校"十二五"規劃教材:C++面向對象程序設計雙語教程》以英語撰寫，用通俗易懂的英語描述其內容，符合中國人的思維、語言習慣，既讓初學者了解面向對象程序設計的原文表達，也便于對知識點的掌握。《普通高等院校"十二五"規劃教材:C++面向對象程序設計雙語教程》面向具有程序設計入門基礎的讀者，可作為高等院校計算機及相關專業的面向對象程序設計課程的雙語教材，也可作為程序員和編程愛好者的參考書。

Chapter 6 Inheritance
Do not multiply objects without necessity.
--W.Occam
Objectives
To create classes by inheriting from existing classes
The use of constructors and destructors in inheritance hierarchies
Access control in the class and the differences between public,protected and private inheritance
To understand multiple inheritance
To avoid ambiguities with multiple inheritance
To avoid ambiguities with virtual inheritance
6.1 Class Hierarchies
In the previous chapters,we discuss how to build a single class that is a representation of real objects.The class is represented by a collection of abstracted concepts with common characteristics.However,a concept does not exist in isolation always.It coexists with related concepts and derives much of its power from relationships with related concepts.It is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence to seek out,recognize,and create relationships among concepts.
For example,the concepts of a circle,a triangle and a rectangle are related in that they are both shapes; that is,they have the concept of a shape in common,that is,they have the operations of move,draw and calculation.However,we find their difference points of the circle,triangle and rectangle.Thus,we must explicitly define classes Circle,Triangle and Rectangle to have class Shape in common.Representing a circle,a triangle and a rectangle in a program without involving the notion of a shape would be to lose something essential.Each kind of shape is more specialized than its parent Shape? We can classify different kind of shape according to hierarchy shown in Figure 6-1.This could be represented in the world of classes with a class Shape from which we would derive the three other ones:Circle,Triangle and Rectangle.