汽車電器設備結構與維修(彩色版)（簡體書）

本書結合汽車維修行業的實際需求，注重培養學生的職業素養和專業技能，通過
任務驅動教學方法系統地講述汽車電器知識及維修，主要包括維修行業的常識檢測儀器
的使用，以及電源系統、起動系統、點火系統、照明信號系統、儀錶系統、輔助電器系
統、線束的維修等。
本書有配套《實訓習題冊》，給教師配有教學視頻及PPT課件。
本書圖文並茂，直觀生動，可作為中等專業學校、技師學院及高等職業院校汽車
檢測與維修專業用書，也可作為相關從業人員和汽車愛好者的參考書籍。

精品教材特色：
1.全彩印刷，配《實訓習題冊》。
2.教學資源豐富：PTT課件，送教學視頻，配《實訓習題冊》，習題答案。
3以.任務“派工單”引領，學習目標明確，是一體化式精品教材。

隨著汽車工業的飛速發展，汽車電器設備的新工藝、新結構、新技術也是層出不窮。如
何瞭解和掌握汽車電器設備的維修知識，更好地服務於汽車行業，是當今汽車職業教育工作
者研究的主要課題之一。
本課程的性質：本課程針對職業院校學生動手能力強的特點，採用操作中學習、學習中
操作的方法，意在培養學生的學習主動性，更加明確學生學習的目的和意義。本課程以提高
學生的專業實踐能力和職業素養為理念，以培養學生的職業能力為中心，以派工單、故障案
例為載體，按照“以能力為本位，以職業實踐為主線，以課程為主體的專業課程體系”的總
體設計要求，緊緊圍繞完成任務工單的需要來選擇和組織課程內容，突出任務工單與知識的
應用性，讓學生在實踐活動的基礎上掌握知識，增強課程內容與職業崗位能力要求的相關性。
本課程的任務：結合汽車服務行業的需求，注重培養學生的職業素養和操作技能，通過
任務驅動教學方法系統地對汽車電器內容進行介紹。
1）學習企業員工的職業素養與管理制度，讓學生瞭解企業的管理制度以及企業對員工的
具體要求，為將來服務於社會奠定基礎。
2）掌握汽車電器常用的維修設備，掌握萬用表、蓄電池測試儀、充電機、發動機故障檢
測儀等設備的使用方法，為汽車電器故障檢測與維修打下基礎。
3）學生通過任務驅動法對電源系統、起動系統、點火系統、照明信號系統、儀錶系統、
輔助電器系統的各種電器設備進行理論學習、拆裝、檢查、調整及更換；並能運用汽車電器
設備知識分析汽車電器系統常見故障的原因，完成故障排除的任務。
本書提供有《實訓習題冊》、配套教學視頻、PPT 教學課件。
本書由張振主編，劉禹彤、周莉群、何時清任副主編，姜龍青、王麗娜、艾娜、宋國峰、
袁亮華參編，陳華昌、陳育彬主審。其中，宋國峰編寫任務一；劉禹彤編寫任務二，並負責
微課的拍攝及製作；何時清編寫任務三；周莉群編寫任務四及習題冊；袁亮華、姜龍青編寫
任務五；王麗娜編寫任務六及習題冊；艾娜編寫任務七；張振編寫任務八至任務十。
在本書編寫過程中，得到了豐田泛華 4S 店的大力支持，同時也參考了許多行業相關著
作，在此一併表示感謝。
由於編者水準所限，書中難免存在疏漏和不足之處，敬請讀者朋友們提出寶貴意見和建
議，以便改正。

任務一 汽車維修行業常識 ·························· 1
一、車間管理 8S ·············································· 1
（一）整理 ················································ 1
（二）整頓 ················································ 2
（三）清掃 ················································ 2
（四）清潔 ················································ 3
（五）素養 ················································ 3
（六）安全 ················································ 4
（七）節約 ················································ 4
（八）學習 ················································ 4
二、車間管理制度 ··········································· 4
（一）崗位職責 ········································· 4
（二）安全生產管理制度 ·························· 5
三、汽車維修行業工作流程和派工單 ·············· 6
（一）工作流程 ········································· 6
（二）派工單 ············································· 6
（三）工單實施流程 ·································· 7
任務二 汽車電器常用維修設備的使用 ······ 9
一、數字式萬用表的使用 ································ 9
（一）普通數字萬用表 ······························ 9
（二）汽車萬用表 ····································14
二、蓄電池測試儀的使用 ·······························16
三、充電機的使用 ··········································18
四、汽車故障檢測儀的使用 ····························20
（一）故障診斷步驟 ·································20
（二）結束檢測 ········································23
任務三 蓄電池常見故障的檢修 ·················24
一、蓄電池的認知 ·········································24
（一）汽車蓄電池的類型 ·························24
（二）蓄電池的安裝位置 ·························25
二、蓄電池的相關知識 ···································26
（一）蓄電池的功用 ·································26
（二）蓄電池的結構與型號 ······················26
（三）蓄電池的工作原理 ·························30
（四）蓄電池的容量及影響因素 ·············31
三、蓄電池的檢查與維護 ·······························32
（一）給客戶介紹蓄電池的正確使用
方法 ···············································32
（二）蓄電池的檢查 ·································33
四、蓄電池的故障檢修 ···································35
任務四 充電系統常見故障的檢修 ·············37
一、發電機的分解認知 ···································37
（一）分解前的準備工作 ·························37
（二）分解步驟 ·······································37
（三）裝配步驟 ········································39
二、發電機的相關知識 ···································39
（一）交流發電機的結構及原理 ··············39
（二）電壓調節器的作用及工作原理 ·······43
（三）發電機內部檢測 ·····························44
（四）發電機控制電路 ·····························47
三、充電系統常見故障的檢修 ························48
任務五 起動系統常見故障的檢修 ·············50
一、起動機的分解認知 ···································50
（一）分解前的準備工作 ·························50
（二）起動機的分解步驟 ·······················50
二、起動機的相關知識 ···································53
（一）直流電動機 ····································54
（二）傳動機構 ········································56
（三）控制裝置 ········································59
（四）起動機的檢測 ·································60
（五）起動機的控制電路 ·························62
三、起動機常見故障的檢修 ····························63
任務六 點火系統常見故障的檢修 ·············64
一、點火系統的相關知識 ·······························64
（一）點火系統的作用 ·····························64
（二）點火系統的分類 ·····························64
（三）微機控制點火系統的組成 ··············65
二、點火系統常見故障的檢修 ························75
任務七 照明信號系統常見故障的檢修 ······76
一、前照燈故障的檢修 ···································76
（一）汽車照明燈的認知 ·························76
（二）前照燈的相關知識 ·························80
（三）前照燈的控制電路 ·························84
（四）前照燈的故障檢修 ·························86
二、轉向燈故障的檢修 ···································86
（一）轉向燈與緊急信號燈的相關知識 ···87
（二）豐田卡羅拉轉向燈與緊急信號燈
電路 ···············································89
（三）轉向燈的故障排除 ·························90
三、倒車信號裝置和制動燈的故障檢修 ·········91
（一）倒車信號裝置和制動燈的相關
知識 ···············································91
（二）倒車信號裝置和制動燈電路···········93
（三）倒車信號裝置和制動燈的故障
排除 ···············································94
四、電喇叭常見故障的檢修 ····························95
（一）電喇叭的相關知識 ·························95
（二）電喇叭控制電路 ·····························97
（三）電喇叭常見故障的排除 ··················99
任務八 儀錶系統常見故障的檢修 ···········100
一、汽車儀錶系統的認知 ·····························100
二、燃油表的檢修 ········································103
（一）燃油表的相關知識 ·······················103
（二）燃油表的故障排除 ·······················105
三、車速表故障的檢修 ·································106
（一）車速表和轉速表的相關知識·········106
（二）車速表的故障排除 ·······················110
四、警告燈點亮故障的檢修 ·························· 111
（一）儀錶報警信號裝置的相關知識 ····· 111
（二）警告燈點亮的故障排除 ················113
任務九 輔助電器系統常見故障的檢修 ····115
一、刮水器故障的檢修 ·································115
（一）風窗玻璃清洗裝置的相關知識 ·····115
（二）刮水器、洗滌器間歇控制電路 ·····118
（三）汽車刮水器的故障排除 ················120
二、電動車窗故障的檢修 ·····························121
（一）電動車窗的相關知識 ····················121
（二）電動車窗的電路 ···························123
（三）電動車窗的故障排除 ····················124
三、電動後視鏡故障的檢修 ··························125
（一）電動後視鏡的相關知識 ················125
（二）電動後視鏡的電路 ·······················126
（三）後視鏡折疊電路 ···························128
（四）電動後視鏡的故障排除 ················129
四、電控門鎖故障的檢修 ·····························129
（一）電動門鎖的相關知識 ····················130
（二）電動門鎖的電路 ···························131
（三）電動門鎖的故障排除 ····················132
五、空調系統常見故障的檢修 ······················133
（一）空調系統的相關知識 ····················133
（二）維修汽車空調的常用設備 ············137
（三）空調系統製冷劑的加注作業·········137
（四）製冷系統故障的檢修 ····················148
任務十 汽車線束及維修知識 ···················149
一、汽車線束 ················································149
（一）線束的規格 ··································149
（二）常用的線束插接器 ·······················150
二、線束的維修 ············································150
（一）線束修復工具 ·······························150
（二）線束修復方法 ·······························151
參考文獻 ····························································155