Terror from the Air

According to Peter Sloterdijk, the twentieth century started on a specific day andplace: April 22, 1915, at Ypres in Northern France. That day, the German army used a chlorine gasmeant to exterminate indiscriminately. Until then, war, as described by Clausewitz and practiced byNapoleon, involved attacking the adversary's vital function first. Using poison gas signaled thepassage from classical war to terrorism. This terror from the air inaugurated an era in which themain idea was no longer to target the enemy's body, but their environment. From then on, what wouldbe attacked in wartime as well as in peacetime would be the very conditions necessary for life. Thiskind of terrorism became the matrix of modern and postmodern war, from World War I's toxic gas tothe Nazi Zyklon B used in Auschwitz, from the bombing of Dresden to the attack on the World TradeCenter. Sloterdijk goes on to describe the offensive of modern aesthetics, aesthetic terrorism fromSurrealism to Malevich--an "atmo-terrorism" in the arts that parallels the assault onenvironment that had originated in warfare.

Peter Sloterdijk (b. 1947) is one of the best known and widely read German intellectuals writing today. His 1983 publication of Critique of Cynical Reason (published in English in 1988) became the best-selling German book of philosophy since World War II. He became president of the State Academy of Design at the Center for Art and Media in Karlsruhe in 2001. He has been cohost of a discussion program, Das Philosophische Quartett (Philosophical Quartet) on German television since 2002.