The scientific study of 'wellbeing' involves both objective and subjective variables. While objective wellbeing can be simply measured as tangible aspects of the living environment, measuring subjective wellbeing involves quantifying self-reported feelings. Although reliable and valid measures can be achieved, in a cross-cultural context differences in language and culture present formidable challenges to measurement comparability. This Element begins by describing the behaviour of subjective wellbeing in single cultures, using the theory of homeostasis. Robert A. Cummins then discusses cross-cultural differences in subjective wellbeing, with a focus on measurement invariance as a means of ensuring the validity of comparative results. Cummins proposes that the major barrier to creating such comparability of measurement is a pervasive response bias that differs between cultures. He concludes that current instruments are inadequate to provide valid cross-cultural measures of subjective
Creatively and rigorously blending historical research and contemporary data from various disciplines, this book cogently and comprehensively illustrates the problems and opportunities the American na
DeVillar (education, Kennesaw State U.) and Jiang (educational leadership, Kennesaw State U.) make the case for a United States still divided by racism and offer a comprehensive account of how racism
Looking at individual countries and cross-country comparisons, international contributors in education, Latin American studies, and educational leadership explore national and global trends in educati
This research-based volume presents a substantive, panoramic view of ways in which Australia and countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North and South America engage in educational programs and pract
