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挽救失控的生物精神醫學，臨床心理學的劃時代之作剖析致病的多重成因，破解社會對精神病的迷思與污名 ★2004年英國心理學會年度好書 「幻覺就像1950年代的同性戀者，它們需要被解放，而非治癒。」──馬呂斯．羅姆（林堡大學社會精神病學教授） 「瘋狂並不非得被認為是一種疾病，何不把它當作一種近乎突然的性格轉變？」──維根斯坦 精神病的原因是什麼？ 其病因是否只有特定幾種？ 這問題困擾了學界許久，隨著腦科學的演進，眾人似乎總算找到了答案。例如，思覺失調症被認為與多巴胺過量有關，而抗精神病藥藉由阻斷多巴胺的接收，則有助於緩解症狀。 然而，這種生物醫學式的研究／診療，除了遇到部分患者用藥無效的問題之外，腦內化學物質的濃度變化究竟是原因還是結果，學界始終沒能取得共識。 更重要的是，我們看待精神疾病的方式，是否真的只能把它與大腦損傷劃上等號，進而認定病患的行為「無法理解」、「缺乏意義」，其行為只是神經或基因缺陷的產物？ 本書作者Bentall從臨床經驗出發，提出一套結合生物學、心理學與社會科學的精神病理論。由於大腦會根據接受的刺激來適應環境，腦內異常很可能是反映出患者的負面經驗，而未必是先天病變。事實上，童年的家庭關係、環境壓力及創傷，都是導致個人認知及情緒功能失調的社會心理因素。本書進而以社會腦假說（social brain hypothesis）指出：憂鬱、躁鬱，以及思覺失調症的幻覺、妄想，都與社交上的困擾有關。透過介紹「檢測不同心理功能」的實驗，讀者能夠很容易瞭解各種病症的風險因子。 近年，重大司法案件的精神鑑定及判決結果，往往導致輿論兩極化。而本書強調瘋狂從來就不只與生理因素有關，而是有心理及文化上的面向，這點恰恰能讓我們反思：社會應當如何對待精神病患？倘若藥物並非精神病的唯一解方，是否能從談話、認知、行為著手？正常與瘋狂的界線，又是否如此涇渭分明？《瘋狂解析》期盼邀請讀者一起思索這些問題。 【小辭典】 ．精神病（psychosis）：或譯為重度精神病，與精神官能症（neurosis）有所區別，兩者合稱為精神疾病（psychiatric disorder）。精神官能症，包括強迫症、焦慮症、恐慌症等等，相較之下較為輕微，而患者則仍能保有現實感；反之，精神病如思覺失調症、妄想症、重鬱症或躁鬱症，在發作時會讓引發幻覺或妄想，亦即喪失辨識現實的能力。本書的討

THIS BOOK WILL EXPLAIN WHAT MADNESS IS, TO SHOW THAT IT CAN BE UNDERSTOOD IN PSYCHOLOGICAL TERMS, AND THAT BY STUDYING IT WE CAN LEARN IMPORTANT INSIGHTS ABOUT THE NORMAL MIND. THE BOOK WILL ARGUE THA

A revised edition of the groundbreaking classic on mental illness.Is madness purely a medical condition that can be treated with drugs? Is there a clear dividing line between who is sane and who is in

In the golden age of "talk therapy," the 1950s and 1960s, psychotherapists saw no limit to what they could do. Believing they had already explained the origins of war, homosexuality, anti-Semitism, a

Delusions, in their many different manifestations, are central to the concepts of madness and psychosis. Yet what causes them remains in many ways a complete mystery. McKenna's Delusions is the first comprehensive attempt to tackle one of the most arresting phenomena in psychiatry: an in-depth and critical review of what delusions are, the forms they can take and how they might be explained from both psychological and biological perspectives. Delusions covers key topics such as the clinical features of delusions, the disorders they are seen in, other oddities that resemble them in both health and disease, and the different approaches that have been taken to try to understand them. It is an essential book for psychiatrists and psychologists who work with delusional patients, as well as being of interest to neuroscientists engaged in research into major psychiatric disorders.

Four brilliant essays by the author of Hermes and His Children hailing the elemental force of the irrational in a world that is all too often 'explained' and 'understood': - Moon Madness-Titanic Love