This book is an examination of why and how the elective principle, already established in Transylvanian and Polish political culture in the late medieval period, was transformed in the early elections
Timothy Snyder traces the emergence of four rival modern nationalist ideologies from common medieval notions of citizenship. He presents the ideological innovations and ethnic cleansings that abetted
Unlike the other two Baltic states of Estonia and Latvia, which have only known independence in the 20th century, Lithuania shared with Poland a vast empire in the 14th and 15th centuries. Keeping its
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Information and Software Technologies, ICIST 2012, held in Kaunas, Lithuania, in September 2012. The 40 revised f
This book examines the politics of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the crucial period between the Russian tsar Peter the Great’s victory over Sweden at the battle of Poltava and the 1717 Silent Se
The Karaites, a non-Talmudic Turkic-speaking Jewish minority that had been living in Eastern Europe since the late Middle Ages, developed a unique ethnographic culture and religious tradition. The boo
This book explores illustrates how widespread anti-Jewish feelings were among the Christian population in 19th century. It tries to identify the structural preconditions that turned anti-Jewish feelin
Beaded wrist warmers are a vital, beloved, and beautiful part of Lithuanian traditional costume. That’s how Irena Filomena Juškiene discovered them: As a member of a group of artists dedicated to clas
