The three transformations Of the spirit

This Contemporary era (which some theorists such as Pablo Gentili, Boaventura de Souza Santos, and even Anthony Guiddens, prefer to call post-modern), erected, as well as the Modern, from the "I think, therefore I am" Cartesian with their remains positivistic systematizing the superposition of reason on and/or at the expense of emotion, or, on the same track, the overlap of the spirit on and/or to the detriment of the soul, have tragically rationalization processes of emotions, culminating in the development of "rational art of concealment", systematizing this last, in capitalist societies global, as a kind of social value.In other words, western capitalist societies Modern and Contemporary , inaugurated the first by Descartes with its called "Cartesian spirit", synthesized and systemized in his well-known maxim "I think, therefore I am", took the men their souls , their materials and elected, introduced and/or froze the reason, only the reason, as the essence of the human being. That is, in place of the soul, the body expressiveness and/or materially sentimental human, stood only the reason and/or the spirit, from the systematization of this "I think, therefore I am" Descartes.Some, at this moment, perhaps aiming to concatenate and/or understand the essence of the ideas contained in the paragraphs above, are questioning: Now, but that it would be a man only endowed with spirit (reason) and not of soul (singularity, subjectivity, feelings), being that, in the soul of a being is , among many other things, their sensible reality, its natural expression, its essence, its spontaneity, your authentic way to be in front of other beings during their insertion in social life?I answer you:It is believed that here, as we shall see in more detail throughout the book, a man "soulless one", endowed with only of spirit, only to reason, is one that, among many other things, is capable:1- To love without love.2- To Make sex without desire, without love, and even alone.3- To live only for work and not work to live.4- Working only for the money.5- Of food without feeling and/or be hungry;6- To confuse need with ease.7- Not to talk about what is true, but only that it makes sense and/or what is logical, always aiming at some benefit;8- Put the productivity in place of pleasurable activity.9- To Use your emotions in the service of reason, in order to conceal, to deceive and to achieve their goals.10- To knowingly be a soulless one and see this as a social value.In other words, summarizing, quoting Hannah Arendt:"What is true for the spirit is not always true for the soul" and, in this sense, the Cartesianism has made its choice: preferred to stay only with the spirit and opened your soul. (1971 - The life of the spirit)This work, in this sense, will seek to deepen questions on social life-human and, at the same time, point the way, from the point of view of the resumption of the processes of humanization and resumption of intellectual autonomy, seeking support in epistemological arguments of Hannah Arendt, Kant, Aristotle, Nietzsche and many others.