From the surreal to exile

The large number of studies that have been done on avant-garde art turn out to be a valuable source of historical, social and esthetic research, due to the appearance of several artists who contributed to shape new plastic possibilities of proposals and studies that have been done on the period.The historiographic studies carried out on avant-garde art in Spain point with special interest to the emergence of the new woman, above all, under the ideal of modernity and avant-garde. Therefore, the motive for conducting this research was the interest of avant-garde art from the vindication of these women artists and intellectuals, highlighting the difficulties they faced and the overcoming of them. Although several artists can be identified in this period, this study focuses on the career of Maruja Mallo (1902-1995), who, together with a group of educated and intellectual women catalogued as the Sinsombrero, inserted herself in this cultural context and managed to challenge through her art the established norms of the Spanish society of the early 1920s.