Wave Interactions and Fluid Flows is a coherent, up-to-date and comprehensive account of theory and experiment on wave-interaction phenomena, both in fluids at rest and in shear flows. On the one hand, this includes water waves, internal waves, their evolution and interaction and associated wave-driven mean flows; on the other, phenomena of nonlinear hydrodynamic stability, especially those leading to the onset of turbulence. Close similarities - and crucial differences - exist between these two classes of phenomena and their treatment in this single study provides a particularly valuable bridge between more specialised, but related, disciplines. As a result, this unique book will appeal to researchers and graduate students of fluid mechanics in its widest sense, including the study of wave-interaction phenomena in such diverse fields as meteorology, aeronautical and hydraulic engineering, optics, solar physics and population dynamics. Dr Craik is an active researcher of long-standing
Introductory Biomechanics is a new, integrated text written specifically for engineering students. It provides a broad overview of this important branch of the rapidly growing field of bioengineering. A wide selection of topics is presented, ranging from the mechanics of single cells to the dynamics of human movement. No prior biological knowledge is assumed and in each chapter, the relevant anatomy and physiology are first described. The biological system is then analyzed from a mechanical viewpoint by reducing it to its essential elements, using the laws of mechanics and then tying mechanical insights back to biological function. This integrated approach provides students with a deeper understanding of both the mechanics and the biology than from qualitative study alone. The text is supported by a wealth of illustrations, tables and examples, a large selection of suitable problems and hundreds of current references, making it an essential textbook for any biomechanics course.
Turbulence pervades our world, from weather patterns to the air entering our lungs. This book describes methods that reveal its structures and dynamics. Building on the existence of coherent structures – recurrent patterns – in turbulent flows, it describes mathematical methods that reduce the governing (Navier–Stokes) equations to simpler forms that can be understood more easily. This second edition contains a new chapter on the balanced proper orthogonal decomposition: a method derived from control theory that is especially useful for flows equipped with sensors and actuators. It also reviews relevant work carried out since 1995. The book is ideal for engineering, physical science and mathematics researchers working in fluid dynamics and other areas in which coherent patterns emerge.
Presenting the key principles of thermodynamics from a microscopic point of view, this book provides engineers with the knowledge they need to apply thermodynamics and solve engineering challenges at the molecular level. It clearly explains the concepts of entropy and free energy, emphasizing key ideas used in equilibrium applications, whilst stochastic processes, such as stochastic reaction kinetics, are also covered. It provides a classical microscopic interpretation of thermodynamic properties, which is key for engineers, rather than focusing on more esoteric concepts of statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics. Coverage of molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations as natural extensions of the theoretical treatment of statistical thermodynamics is also included, teaching readers how to use computer simulations and thus enabling them to understand and engineer the microcosm. Featuring many worked examples and over 100 end-of-chapter exercises, it is ideal for use in the class
The theory of dynamical systems is a major mathematical discipline closely intertwined with all main areas of mathematics. It has greatly stimulated research in many sciences and given rise to the vast new area variously called applied dynamics, nonlinear science, or chaos theory. This introduction for senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students of mathematics, physics, and engineering combines mathematical rigor with copious examples of important applications. It covers the central topological and probabilistic notions in dynamics ranging from Newtonian mechanics to coding theory. Readers need not be familiar with manifolds or measure theory; the only prerequisite is a basic undergraduate analysis course. The authors begin by describing the wide array of scientific and mathematical questions that dynamics can address. They then use a progression of examples to present the concepts and tools for describing asymptotic behavior in dynamical systems, gradually increasing the leve
Turbulent flow is a most important branch of fluid dynamics yet its complexity has tended to make it one of the least understood. Empirical data have been appearing rapidly for more than twenty years but a consistent theory of turbulent flow based on the results has been lacking. The original edition of Dr Townsend's book was the first to attempt a systematic and comprehensive discussion of all kinds of turbulent motion and to provide a reliable analysis of the processes which occur. The theory and associated concepts are applied to the description of a variety of flows: free turbulent flows such as wakes and jets, wall flows in pipes and boundary layers, flows affected by buoyancy forces such as heat plumes and the atmospheric boundary layer and flows with curved streamlines. This monograph will appeal to practitioners and researchers in engineering, meteorology, oceanography, physics and applied mathematics. This paperback edition was first issued in hard covers in 1976 as a complete
At the University of Surrey in 1995 an EPSRC Spring School was held in Applied Nonlinear Mathematics for postgraduate students in mathematics, engineering, physics or biology; this volume contains the bulk of the lectures given there, by a team of internationally distinguished scientists. The aim of the school was to introduce students to current topics of research interest at an appropriate level. The majority of the courses are in the area of nonlinear dynamics with application to fluid mechanics, boundary layer transition, driven oscillators and waves. However, there are also lectures considering problems in nonlinear elasticity and mathematical biology. The articles have all been edited so that the book forms a coherent and accessible account of recent advances in nonlinear mathematics.
The Cambridge Handbook of Physics Formulas is a quick-reference aid for students and professionals in the physical sciences and engineering. It contains more than 2000 of the most useful formulas and equations found in undergraduate physics courses, covering mathematics, dynamics and mechanics, quantum physics, thermodynamics, solid state physics, electromagnetism, optics and astrophysics. An exhaustive index allows the required formulas to be located swiftly and simply, and the unique tabular format crisply identifies all the variables involved. The Cambridge Handbook of Physics Formulas comprehensively covers the major topics explored in undergraduate physics courses. It is designed to be a compact, portable, reference book suitable for everyday work, problem solving or exam revision. All students and professionals in physics, applied mathematics, engineering and other physical sciences will want to have this essential reference book within easy reach.
At the University of Surrey in 1995 an EPSRC Spring School was held in Applied Nonlinear Mathematics for postgraduate students in mathematics, engineering, physics or biology; this volume contains the bulk of the lectures given there, by a team of internationally distinguished scientists. The aim of the school was to introduce students to current topics of research interest at an appropriate level. The majority of the courses are in the area of nonlinear dynamics with application to fluid mechanics, boundary layer transition, driven oscillators and waves. However, there are also lectures considering problems in nonlinear elasticity and mathematical biology. The articles have all been edited so that the book forms a coherent and accessible account of recent advances in nonlinear mathematics.
A comprehensive introduction to the field of autonomous robotics aimed at upper-level undergraduates and offering additional online resources.Textbooks that provide a broad algorithmic perspective on the mechanics and dynamics of robots almost unfailingly serve students at the graduate level. Introduction to Autonomous Robots offers a much-needed resource for teaching third- and fourth-year undergraduates the computational fundamentals behind the design and control of autonomous robots. The authors use a class-tested and accessible approach to present progressive, step-by-step development concepts, alongside a wide range of real-world examples and fundamental concepts in mechanisms, sensing and actuation, computation, and uncertainty. Throughout, the authors balance the impact of hardware (mechanism, sensor, actuator) and software (algorithms) in teaching robot autonomy. Features:Rigorous and tested in the classroomWritten for engineering and computer science undergraduates with a soph
Composites are used extensively in engineering applications. A constant concern is the effect of foreign object impacts on composite structures because significant damage can occur and yet be undetectable by visual inspection. Such impacts can range from the most ordinary at low velocity - a tool dropped on a product - to the hypervelocity impact of space debris on a spacecraft. This book explains how damage develops during impact, the effect of impact-induced damage on the mechanical behavior of structures, and methods of damage prediction and detection. Numerous examples are included to illustrate these topics. Written for graduate students, as well as researchers and practising engineers working with composite materials, this book presents state-of-the-art knowledge on impact dynamics while requiring only basic understanding of the mechanics of composite materials.
This 1985 book comprises the papers presented at the symposium of the Internation Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Sheffield April 1984, held in memory of the late J. D. Eshelby FRS, Professor of the Theory of Materials at the University of Sheffield. The papers reflect the range of Professor Eshelby's interests. Topics include conservation laws and their applications; inclusions, inhomogeneities and composites; short cracks; the dynamics of dislocations and cracks; dislocations and point defects; and creep fracture. There is also an obituary of Professor Eshelby, together with a complete list of his publications. The 45 papers in this volume provide an international survey of work in the field of deformation and fracture, with theoretical examinations, reports of empirical investigations and descriptions of experimental techniques. It will be of interest to professionals and researchers in the science of materials, mechanics of solids and mechanical engineering and to relat
In spite of its universality, mixing is poorly understood and generally speaking, mixing problems are attacked on a case-by-case basis. This is the first book to present a unified treatment of the mixing of fluids from a kinematical viewpoint. The author's aim is to provide a conceptually clear basis from which to launch analysis and to facilitate an understanding of the numerous mixing problems encountered in nature and technology. After presenting the necessary background in kinematics and fluid dynamics, Professor Ottino considers various examples of dealing with necessary background in dynamical systems and chaos. The book assumes little previous knowledge of fluid dynamics and dynamical systems and can be used as a textbook by final-year undergraduates, graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics, engineering science, geophysics and physics who have an interest in fluid dynamics, continuum mechanics and dynamical systems. It is profusely illustrated in colour, with ma
Composites are used extensively in engineering applications. A constant concern is the effect of foreign object impacts on composite structures because significant damage can occur and yet be undetectable by visual inspection. Such impacts can range from the most ordinary at low velocity - a tool dropped on a product - to the hypervelocity impact of space debris on a spacecraft. This book explains how damage develops during impact, the effect of impact-induced damage on the mechanical behavior of structures, and methods of damage prediction and detection. Numerous examples are included to illustrate these topics. Written for graduate students, as well as researchers and practising engineers working with composite materials, this book presents state-of-the-art knowledge on impact dynamics while requiring only basic understanding of the mechanics of composite materials.
Constrained motion is of paramount importance in the design and analysis of mechanical systems and central to the study of analytical dynamics. The problem of constrained motion was first posed over two hundred years ago, and it has been worked on vigorously ever since. This book offers a fresh approach to the subject. Eminently readable, it is written as an introduction to analytical dynamics, with emphasis on fundamental concepts in mechanics. The connection between generalized inverses of matrices and constrained motion is a central theme. The book begins with a description of the motion of a particle subjected to holonomic and nonholonomic constraints and presents explicit equations of motion. Examples are provided throughout the book, and carefully formulated problems at the end of each chapter reinforce the material covered. This computationally appealing approach will be useful to students in engineering and the applied sciences.
The instability of fluid flows is a key topic in classical fluid mechanics because it has huge repercussions for applied disciplines such as chemical engineering, hydraulics, aeronautics, and geophysics. This modern introduction is written for any student, researcher, or practitioner working in the area, for whom an understanding of hydrodynamic instabilities is essential. Based on a decade's experience of teaching postgraduate students in fluid dynamics, this book brings the subject to life by emphasizing the physical mechanisms involved. The theory of dynamical systems provides the basic structure of the exposition, together with asymptotic methods. Wherever possible, Charru discusses the phenomena in terms of characteristic scales and dimensional analysis. The book includes numerous experimental studies, with references to videos and multimedia material, as well as over 150 exercises which introduce the reader to new problems.
The finite element method (FEM) is indispensable in modeling and simulation in various engineering and physical systems, including structural analysis, stress, strain, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, dynamics, eigenproblems, design optimization, sound propagation, electromagnetics, and coupled field problems. This textbook integrates basic theory with real-life, design-oriented problems using ANSYS, the most commonly used computational software in the field. For students as well as practicing engineers and designers, each chapter is highly illustrated and presented in a step-by-step manner. Fundamental concepts are presented in detail with reference to easy to understand worked examples that clearly introduce the method before progressing to more advanced content. Included are step-by-step solutions for project type problems using modelling software, special chapters for modelling and the use of ANSYS and Workbench programs, and extensive sets of problems and projects round out each ch
本書作為工科學生流體力學基礎課程的雙語教材，內容包括流體力學的基本原理和方程。該書各章節都配有豐富的案例詳解、習題及相關知識在工程中的應用案例分析和研究，尤其增加了關於流體傳動裝置、液壓系統及元件的實例分析，可使讀者認識並理解如何將流體力學知識應用於工程實踐。本書共六章，包括流體的基本性質，流體靜力學，流體運動基本內容，流體動力學基本方程及其應用，量綱分析和相似原理，黏性不可壓縮流體在孔口、狹縫中的內部流動(泵-渦輪系統的能量方程分析及應用，流體傳動系統功率和效率的計算等)。 本書可作為普通高等學校工科各專業，特別是機械類相關專業流體力學課程雙語教學教材，也可供相關專業的工程技術人員參考。 This book is a bilingual textbook for engineering students on the fundamentals of fluid mechanics, covering fundamental principles and equations of fluid mechanics. Readers will understand how to apply the knowledge of fluid mechanics to the engineering practices through abundant examples and application case analysis and studies, especially on analysis of fluid transmission devices, hydraulic systems and elements. The book consists of six chapters, including fluid properties, fluid statics, basics of fluid kinematics, fundamental equations of fluid dynamics and their application, dimensional analysis and similarity, internal flow of viscous incompressible fluid in orifices and narrow gaps,
Connecting theory with numerical techniques using MATLAB®, this practical textbook equips students with the tools required to solve finite element problems. This hands-on guide covers a wide range of engineering problems through nine well-structured chapters including solid mechanics, heat transfer and fluid dynamics; equilibrium, steady state and transient; and 1-D, 2-D and 3-D problems. Engineering problems are discussed using case study examples, which are solved using a systematic approach, both by examining the steps manually and by implementing a complete MATLAB®code. This topical coverage is supplemented by discourse on meshing with a detailed explanation and implementation of 2-D meshing algorithms. Introducing theory and numerical techniques alongside comprehensive examples this text increases engagement and provides students with the confidence needed to implement their own computer codes to solve given problems.
