Multimedia Communications and Networking

The result of decades of research and international project experience, Multimedia Communications and Networking provides authoritative insight into recent developments in multimedia, digital communications, and networking services and technologies. Supplying you with the required foundation in these areas, it illustrates the means that will allow for improved digital communications and networks.

The book starts with a review of the fundamental concepts, requirements, and constraints in networks and telecommunications. It describes channel disturbances that can hinder system performance—including noise, attenuation, distortion, and interferences—and provides transmission techniques for mitigating these limitations. Analyzing both cable and wireless transmission mediums, the book describes the network protocol architecture concept and includes coverage of twisted pairs, coaxial and optical fiber cables, wireless propagation, satellite communications, and terrestrial microwave systems. Facilitating the understanding required to participate in the development of current and next generation networks and services, this comprehensive reference:



Examines the range of network interconnections and WAN/MAN technologies, including synchronous optical networks (SONET), synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), and third and next generation cellular systems (3G and 4G)
Describes local area network (LAN) theory and technology, including data link layers and virtual LANs
Explores network and transport layers, such as addressing, routing protocols, and IPv4 and IPv6 algorithms
Covers TCP/IP services and applications
Investigates different authentication and cryptographic systems, including digital signature, SSL, TLS, IPSEC, and public key infrastructure
Walking you through the planning, design, and development of multimedia, telecommunications, and networking systems, the book provides a quick and easy way to develop and refine the skills required in the field. It clearly explains the principles and corresponding techniques you need to know to implement network security. The many examples and end-of-chapter questions also make it suitable for undergraduate and graduate-level computer science and electrical engineering courses.

Mario Marques da Silva is a professor at Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa (CESITI) and at Escola Naval Portuguesa (CINAV). He is a researcher at the Portuguese Instituto de Telecomunicações. He received his BSc in electrical engineering in 1992 and MSc and PhD degrees in telecommunications/electrical engineering, respectively, in 1999 and 2005, both from the Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Between 2005 and 2008, he was with NATO Air Command Control & Management Agency (NACMA) in Brussels (Belgium), where he managed the deployable communications of the new Air Command and Control System Program. He has been involved in several telecommunications projects, either as a researcher or as project leader, including involvement in activities such as research, architecture, development, analysis, simulation and testing of networking, HF, V/UHF, satellite and cellular/UMTS communications systems. His research interests include networking (e.g., TCP/IP, network security, mobile ad-hoc networking) and mobile communications, including block transmission techniques (OFDM, SC-FDE), WCDMA, multiuser detection, interference cancellation, space–time coding, MIMO systems, smart and adaptive antennas, channel estimation, and software-defined radio. He is the author of Transmission Techniques for Emergent Multicast and Broadcast Systems (CRC Press) and of several dozen journal and conference papers. Mario Marques da Silva is member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and a member of Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association (AFCEA), as well as a reviewer of many international scientific journals and conferences.

An Introduction to Multimedia Communications and Networking Fundamentals of Communications Analog and Digital Signals Modulator and Demodulator Transmission Mediums Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication Systems Simplex and Duplex Communications Communications and Networks Switching Modes Circuit Switching Packet Switching Connection Modes Connection Oriented Connectionless Network Coverage Areas Network Topologies Classification of Media and TrafficPresent and Future of Telecommunications The Convergence Collaborative Era of the Network Applications Transition Toward the Collaborative Era References End of Chapter Questions

Network Protocol Architectures Introduction to Protocol Architecture Concept Open System Interconnection–Reference Model The Seven Layer Open System Interconnection–Reference Model Physical Layer Data Link Layer Network Layer Transport Layer Session Layer Presentation Layer Application Layer The Service Access Point An Overview of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Architecture Application Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer References End of Chapter Questions

Channel Impairments Shannon Capacity Attenuation Noise Sources Atmospheric Noise Man-Made Noise Extraterrestrial Noise Thermal Noise Electronic Noise The Influence of the Transmission Channel Delay and Phase Shift Distortion Equalization Interference Sources Intersymbol Interference Nyquist Intersymbol Interference Criterion Multiple Access Interference Co-Channel Interference Adjacent Channel Interference References End of Chapter Questions

Cable Transmission Mediums Twisted Pairs Characteristics Types of Protection Categories Coaxial Cables Characteristics Optical Fibers Characteristics CategoriesReferences End of Chapter Questions

Wireless Transmission Mediums Wireless Propagation Direct Wave Propagation Free Space Path Loss Link Budget Calculations Carrier-to-Noise Ratio Calculations Wireless Propagation Effects Reflection Diffraction Scattering Fading Shadowing Fading Multipath Fading Groundwave Propagation Ionospheric Propagation Satellite Communication Systems Physical Analysis of Satellite Orbits Characteristics of Different Orbits Geostationary Earth Orbit Medium and Low Earth Orbit Highly Elliptical Orbit Satellite’s Link Budget Analysis Terrestrial Microwave Systems References End of Chapter Questions

Source Coding and Transmission Techniques Source Coding Voice Analog Audio Digital Audio Video Analog Video Digital Video Line Coding Return to Zero Non-Return to Zero Non-Return to Zero Inverted Bipolar Alternate Mark Inversion Pseudoternary Manchester Differential Manchester Two Binary One Quaternary Modulation Schemes Amplitude Shift Keying Frequency Shift Keying Phase Shift Keying Multilevel Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Constellations Coding Efficiency of a Symbol Scrambling of Signals Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing Time Division Multiplexing References End of Chapter Questions

Advanced Transmission Techniques to Support Current and Emergent Multimedia ServicesAdvances in Wireless Systems and Their Technical Demands Spread Spectrum Communications Code Division Multiple Access General Model Narrowband CDMA Wideband CDMA Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Single Carrier–Frequency Domain Equalization Iterative Block-Decision Feedback Equalizer Receivers Diversity Combining Algorithms Selection Combining Maximal Ratio Combining Equal Gain Combining MSE-Based Combining RAKE Receiver Multiple Input Multiple Output Space-Time Block Coding Open/Closed-Loop Techniques for Flat Fading Open-Loop Techniques Closed-Loop Techniques Multilayer Transmission System Description of the V-BLAST Scheme Applied to WCDMA Signals Space Division Multiple Access Beamforming Multiresolution Transmission Schemes Hierarchical QAM Constellations Macrodiversity Multihop Relays References End of Chapter Questions

Cellular Communications Cellular Concept Macrocell Microcell Picocell Femtocell Power Control Evolution of Cellular Systems UMTS Long-Term Evolution WiMAX-IEEE802.16 Fourth Generation of Cellular CommunicationsReferences End of Chapter Questions

Transport NetworksCircuit-Switching Transport Networks FDM Hierarchy Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy Synchronous Digital Hierarchies SDH/SONET Network SDH/SONET Frame Format Digital Subscriber Line Data over Cable Service Interface Specification Packet-Switching Transport Networks Asynchronous Transfer Mode The B-ISDN Reference Model ATM Network ATM Cell Format Multiprotocol Label Switching The MPLS Network MPLS Packet Format References End of Chapter Questions

Data Link Layer LAN Devices The Hub The Bridge The Switch Spanning Tree ProtocolLogical Link Control SubLayer Error Control Techniques Hamming Distance Error Detection Codes Error Correction Codes Automatic Repeat Request Stop and Wait Automatic Repeat Request Go Back N Automatic Repeat Request Selective Reject Automatic Repeat Request Flow Control Techniques Stop and Wait Sliding Window Link and Network Control Protocols Logical Link Control Protocols High Level Data Link Control Protocol Point-to-Point Protocol IEEE 802.2 Protocol Medium Access Control Sublayer Medium Access Control Protocols IEEE 802.3 Protocol Maximum Collision Domain Diameter Physical Layer Used in IEEE 802.3 Networks IEEE 802.5 Protocol Fiber Distribution Data Interface Protocol IEEE 802.11 Protocol Digital Video Broadcast StandardVirtual Local Area Networks References End of Chapter Questions

Network Layer Internet Protocol Version 4 Internet Protocol Version 4 Classfull Addressing Internet Protocol Version 4 Classless Addressing Network and Port Address Translation Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Internet Protocol Version 4 Datagram Internet Protocol Version 6 Internet Protocol Version 6 Addressing Internet Protocol Version 6 Packet Routing Routing Algorithms and Protocols Distance Vector Protocols Link State Protocols Dijkstra’s Algorithm Administrative and Metric Distances Internet Control Message Protocol Fragmentation and Reassembling Cisco Internetwork Operating System Introduction to Cisco Internetwork Operating System Basic Configuration of Routers and Switches Configuration Mode Line Configuration Submode Interface Configuration Submode Network Configuration in Routers Static Route Configuration Routing Information Protocol Configuration Open Shortest Path First Configuration Configuration of Virtual Local Area Networks References End of Chapter Questions

Transport Layer Transmission Control Protocol User Datagram Protocol Integrated and Differentiated Service Integrated Services Differentiated Services References End of Chapter Questions

Services and Applications Web Browsing Hypertext Transfer Protocol Electronic Mail Simple Mail Transfer Protocol File Transfer File Transfer Protocol Internet Protocol Telephony and Internet Protocol Videoteleconference H.323 Session Initiation Protocol Network Management Simple Network Management Protocol Names Resolution Domain Name Server References End of Chapter Questions

Network Security Overview of Network Security Security Services Confidentiality Eavesdropping Snooping Interception Integrity Man-in-the-Middle Availability Denial of Service Authenticity Replay AttackAccountability Identification Authentication Authorization Access Control Monitoring Registration Auditing Risk Management Protective Measures Symmetric Cryptography Symmetric Cryptographic Systems Asymmetric Cryptography Digital Signature Digital Certificates Public Key Infrastructure Hybrid Cryptography Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security Security Architecture for IP Network Architectures Virtual Private Networks References End of Chapter Questions

Annex A Annex B Annex C Index