Cytologic Detection Of Urothelial Lesions

Although all types of urinary tract lesions, benign and malignant, can be diagnosed by cytology, only the most common diagnostic problems are addressed herein. Lowest grade lesions are placed in an indeterminate category, along with reactive/atypical changes to infection and therapy.
High grade lesions that are life threatening to the patient and demand careful and directed management to control or eradicate the tumor(s) are emphasized. Additionally, attention is given to the importance of direct and clear communication between the urologist and cyopathologist as the patient becomes a lifetime candidate for recurrent or new urothelial lesions.

Dorothy L. Rosenthal, MD, FIAC is Professor of Pathology, Oncology, Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland.Stephen S. Raab, MD is Professor of Pathology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.