The Antiquity of the Italian Nation ― The Cultural Origins of a Political Myth in Modern Italy, 1796-1943

With Italy under Napoleonic rule at the beginning of the nineteenth century, the antiquarian topic of anti-romanism became a pillar of the Italian nation-building process and, in turn, was used against the dominant French culture. The history of the Italian nation predating the Roman Empire supported the idea of an Italian cultural primacy and proved crucial in the creation of modern Italian nationalism. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, Italian studies of Roman history would drape a dark veil over the earliest history of Italy while Fascism openly claimed the legacy of the Roman Empire. Italic antiquity would, however, remain alive through all those years, intersecting with the political and cultural life of modern Italy.

In this book, De Francesco examines the different uses of the constantly reasserted antiquity of the Italian nation in history, archaeology, palaeoethnology, and anthropology from the Napoleonic period to the collapse of Fascism.

Antonino De Francesco is Professor of Early Modern History at the Department of History, University of Milan and chercheur associe at the Institut d'Histoire de la Revolution Francaise, Paris I, Sorbonne. He has taught in several European institutions and is a specialist in the cultural and political history of eighteenth and nineteenth-century France and Italy, with emphasis on the French Revolution, the Risorgimento and historiography.