Intimate Strangers ― Arendt, Marcuse, Solzhenitsyn, and Said in American Political Discourse

Hannah Arendt, Herbert Marcuse, Alexander Solzhenitsyn, and Edward Said each steered major intellectual and political schools of thought shaping American political discourse after World War II. Yet none of them was American, and this was crucial to their thinking, which relied on ways of arguing and reasoning that stand both inside and outside of the American context.

In an effort to convince their audiences they were American enough, these thinkers deployed deft rhetorical strategies that made their cosmopolitanism feel acceptable, inspiring radical new approaches to longstanding problems in American politics. Speaking like natives, they also exploited their foreignness to entice listeners to embrace alternative modes of thought. Intimate Strangers unpacks this "stranger ethos," a blend of detachment and involvement that manifested in the persona of a prophet for Solzhenitsyn, an impartial observer for Arendt, a mentor for Marcuse, and a victim for Said. Despite its many successes, though, the stranger ethos did alienate audiences, and many critics continue to dismiss these thinkers not for their positions but because of their foreign point of view. This book concludes with an appeal to reject this kind of xenophobia, throwing support behind a political discourse that accounts for the ideals of both citizens and noncitizens.

Andreea D. Ritivoi is professor of English at Carnegie Mellon University. Her research focuses on immigration, exile, political discourse, argumentation theory, and intellectual history. She is the author of Yesterday's Self: Nostalgia and the Immigrant Identity and Paul Ricoeur: Tradition and Innovation in Rhetorical Theory.