North Carolina Women ― Their Lives and Times

By the twentieth century, North Carolina’s progressive streak had strengthened, thanks in part to a growing number of women who engaged in and influenced state and national policies and politics. In 1902, Daisy Denson became the first woman to head the state’s welfare board, and from that position she addressed a number of issues, including child labor and prison reform. Gertrude Weil fought tirelessly for the Nineteenth Amendment, which extended suffrage to women, and founded the state chapter of the League of Women Voters once the amendment was ratified in 1920. Gladys Avery Tillett, an ardent Democrat and supporter of Roosevelt’s New Deal, became a major presence in her party at both the state and national levels. Guion Griffis Johnson turned to volunteer work in the postwar years, becoming one of the state’s most prominent female civic leaders. Through her excellent education, keen legal mind, and family prominence, Susie Sharp in 1949 became the first woman judge in North Carolina and in 1974 the first woman in the nation to be elected and serve as chief justice of a state supreme court. Throughout her life, the Reverend Dr. Anna Pauline “Pauli” Murray charted a religious, literary, and political path to racial reconciliation on both a national stage and in North Carolina.

This is the second of two volumes that together explore the diverse and changing patterns of North Carolina women’s lives. These essays cover the period beginning with women born in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries but who made their greatest contributions to the social, political, cultural, legal, and economic life of the state during the late progressive era through the late twentieth century.

Contributors: Jane Becker on Lucy Morgan; Eileen Boris on Ellen Black Winston; Heather Bryson on Ella Josephine Baker; Ann Short Chirhart on Charlotte Hawkins Brown; M. Anna Fariello on Olive Dame Campbell; Joey Fink on Crystal Lee Sutton; Rebecca Godwin on North Carolina Women Writers; Anna Ragland Hayes on Susie Marshall Sharp; Amy Hill Hearth on the Delany Sisters; Lu Ann Jones on North Carolina’s Farm Women; Sally G. McMillen on Gladys Avery Tillett; Elizabeth Gillespie McRae on Nell Battle Lewis; Sarah C. Thuesen on Guion Griffis Johnson; Melissa Walker on Margaret Jarman Hagood; Jessica Wilkerson on Ella May Wiggins; Emily Herring Wilson on Gertrude Weil; Lauren F. Winner on Pauli Murray.

Michele Gillespie is a professor of history at Wake Forest University. She is author or coeditor of ten previous books, including Katharine and R. J. Reynolds: Partners of Fortune in the Making of the New South (Georgia) and Free Labor in an Unfree World: White Artisans in Slaveholding Georgia, 1789–1860 (Georgia). Sally G. McMillen is the Mary Reynolds Babcock Professor of History at Davidson College. She is the author of Motherhood in the Old South: Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Infant Rearing; Southern Women: Black and White in the Old South; To Raise Up the South: Sunday Schools in Black and White Churches, 1865–1915; and Seneca Falls and the Origins of the Women’s Rights Movement.