Guilty Women, Foreign Policy, and Appeasement in Inter-war Britain

The history of foreign policy and appeasement has too often been told with the women left out. But were there 'Guilty Women' who supported the 'Guilty Men' and endorsed British foreign policy? 'Guilty Women', Foreign Policy and Appeasement in Inter-War Britain examines the place of gender in the formation, presentation and cultural meaning of British foreign policy in the 1930s. Despite their marginalization from high political office and their formal exclusion from the Diplomatic Service, it breaks new ground by demonstrating that women were present in high-level foreign policy-making circles—such as the Cliveden Set, within the Conservative Party, or as Churchill's anti-appeasement allies. It considers the range and effectiveness of political responses amongst British women to the threat of fascism in the 1930s; how public and press debates about foreign policy adopted gendered imagery and language; and it argues that female public opinion – both real and imagined - was an important dynamic in electoral politics and discourse during the crisis years. Indeed, women's feelings and fears of war weighed heavily on PM Neville Chamberlain, 'the Father of Peace', during the Munich Crisis, while the whole policy and practice of appeasement came to be understood as an emasculated response to the hyper-virile dictatorships.

Julie V. Gottlieb is Senior Lecturer in History at the University of Sheffield, UK. She has published widely on the relationship between gender and political history. She is the author of Feminine Fascism: Women in Britain's Fascist Movement, 1923-1945 (2000), and has co-edited The Culture of Fascism (2004), Making Reputations (2005), and The Aftermath of Suffrage (2013).