國際結算(第二版)（簡體書）

本書是作者根據多年的教學、實踐經驗，為適應高等院校雙語教學需要而編寫的教材。書中對當前國際結算中采用的結算方式、結算工具、結算單據等內容做了詳細介紹，并緊密結合近年來國際貿易和國際結算方面國際慣例的新變化與發展，全方位地反映國際結算業務運作的原理、慣例、條件、方式和手段。全書共9章，包括總論、國際結算工具、匯款、托收、信用證、其他國際結算方式、國際結算單據、非貿易結算、電子支付等。為方便讀者使用，書后附錄還載有國際商會第522號《托收統一規則》、國際商會第600號《跟單信用證統一慣例》、國際商會《國際備用信用證實務》（ISP98）以及國際商會第525號《國際商會有關信用證項下銀行償付的統一規則》等。

本書不僅內容豐富，還結合課程特點，突出“應用型”，注重實際操作能力的培養。除第1章外，其他各章最后一節都編寫有案例分析，有助于讀者更直觀地掌握國際結算的主要業務、操作程序，熟悉業務操作中的基本步驟和方法。本書既可作為高等院校國際經濟與貿易學、國際金融等專業本科學生的專業課教材，也可作為業務部門的培訓教材，還可作為外貿、銀行等領域理論工作者和實際工作者的參考書。

吳國新，男，1969年11月生，博士，上海對外經貿大學教授，碩士生導師。浙江省諸暨市人民政府紡織服裝產業專家咨詢委員會委員。曾任上海對外貿易學院MBA教育中心執行主任，上海應用技術學院經濟與管理學院副院長等職。主持和承擔國家自然科學基金項目、教育部人文社會科學研究項目、上海市哲學社會科學規劃項目、上海市科學技術委員會科研項目、上海高校優秀青年教師后備人選支助項目等10多項科研項目。在 等國內外重要學術期刊上發表30多篇學術論文，其中，1篇被SSCI檢索，1篇被EI檢索，1篇被人大復印資料全文轉載，2篇被ISTP檢索收錄。主編《2010上海技術管理研討會論文集》。2004年12月，被評為上海市優秀青年教師后備人選，2008年12月，獲“上海市優秀青年教師”榮譽稱號。

Chapter 1 General Introduction 1
1.1 Origin and Development of International Settlement 1
1.1.1 Basic Concepts and Content of International
Settlement 1
1.1.2 Evolution of International Settlement 6
1.1.3 Characteristics of Modern International Settlements 7
1.2 Basis and Conditions of International Settlement 7
1.2.1 Correspondent Banks in International Settlement 7
1.2.2 Some Organizations Relevant to International
Settlement 10
1.3 International Payment Systems 14
1.3.1 Brief Introduction 14
1.3.2 Some Major Payment Systems 16
Chapter 2 Instruments of International Settlement 22
2.1 An Overview of Negotiable Instrument 22
2.1.1 Definition of Negotiable Instrument 22
2.1.2 Chief Features of Negotiable Instrument 23
2.1.3 Parties to Negotiable Instrument 24
2.2 Bill of Exchange 25
2.2.1 Definition of Bill of Exchange 25
2.2.2 Contents of Bill of Exchange 26
2.2.3 Parties to Bill of Exchange 29
2.2.4 Classification of Bill of Exchange 33
2.2.5 Acts of Bill of Exchange 37
2.2.6 The Roles and Advantages of Bill of Exchange 47
2.3 Promissory Note 48
2.3.1 Definition of Promissory Note 48
2.3.2 Characteristics of Promissory Note 48
2.3.3 Contents of Promissory Note 49
2.3.4 Classification of Promissory Note 49
2.3.5 Liabilities of the Parties 50
2.3.6 Differences between Promissory Note and Bill of Exchange 51
2.4 Check 52
2.4.1 Definition of Check 52
2.4.2 Contents of Check 52
2.4.3 Features of Check 53
2.4.4 Parties to Check 53
2.4.5 Classification of Check 54
2.4.6 Check Clearing 55
2.4.7 A Banker’s Duty to Honor Checks 57
2.4.8 Dishonor of Checks 58
2.4.9 Differences between Check and Bill of Exchange 58
2.5 Cases: A Fraud Case with Forged Draft 59
Chapter 3 Remittance 61
3.1 Outline of Remittance 61
3.1.1 Definition of Remittance 62
3.1.2 Parties to Remittance 62
3.1.3 Types of Remittance 63
3.1.4 Characteristics of Remittance 64
3.2 Procedure for Remittance 64
3.2.1 Procedure for Remittance 64
3.2.2 Comparison of the M/T, T/T and D/D 68
3.3 Application of Remittance 68
3.3.1 Practice of Remittance 68
3.3.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Remittance 70
3.3.3 The Function of Remittance in International Trade 71
3.4 Cases: Case about T/T 74
Chapter 4 Collection 76
4.1 Overview of Collection 76
4.1.1 Definition of Collection 76
4.1.2 Parties to Collection 78
4.1.3 Types of Collection 80
4.2 Documentary Collection Practice 82
4.2.1 Procedure of Documentary Collection 82
4.2.2 Collection Application Form and Order 85
4.2.3 Uniform Rules for Collection 88
4.3 Risk Protection and Financing under Collection 90
4.3.1 Risks Involved 90
4.3.2 Financing under the Collection 91
4.4 Cases 92
4.4.1 Case 1: A Dispute Triggered by Collecting Bank as the Drawee of a Draft under a
Collection 92
4.4.2 Case 2: A Dispute over the Responsibilities of Collecting Bank under D/P Terms 95
Chapter 5 Letter of Credit 97
5.1 Overview of L/C 97
5.1.1 Definition of L/C 98
5.1.2 Contents and Form of L/C 98
5.1.3 Characteristics of L/C 104
5.1.4 Parties Involved in L/C 106
5.2 Procedures of L/C 111
5.2.1 Issuance 111
5.2.2 Amendment 113
5.2.3 Utilization and Settlement 115
5.3 Types of L/C (Including Standby L/C) 117
5.3.1 Confirmed Irrevocable Credit 117
5.3.2 According to the Mode of Availability 118
5.3.3 Straight Credit 121
5.3.4 Anticipatory Credit 121
5.3.5 Transferable Credit 122
5.3.6 Back-to-Back Credit 125
5.3.7 Revolving Credit 126
5.3.8 Reciprocal Credit 127
5.3.9 Standby L/C 128
5.4 Key Issues under L/C 129
5.4.1 The Role of Banks 129
5.4.2 Common Problems with Documentary Credits 131
5.4.3 Risk Protection 131
5.4.4 Financing under L/C 133
5.4.5 Documentary Credit Application 136
5.4.6 Best Practice When Dealing with an L/C 140
5.4.7 Bank Fees 141
5.4.8 Conclusions 142
5.5 Cases 143
5.5.1 Case 1: A Dispute Incurred by Reimbursement Clause 143
5.5.2 Case 2: A Dispute Arising from Criteria of Document Examination of the Bank 146
5.5.3 Case 3: Banco Santander SA vs. Banque Paribas 147
Chapter 6 Other Methods of International Settlement 151
6.1 Bank’s Letter of Guarantee 151
6.1.1 Concepts of L/G 151
6.1.2 Parties to L/G 151
6.1.3 Types of L/G 152
6.1.4 Procedure of L/G 153
6.1.5 Contents of L/G 154
6.1.6 Comparison between L/G and L/C 155
6.2 International Factoring 156
6.2.1 Concepts of International Factoring 156
6.2.2 The History and Trends of International Factoring 157
6.2.3 Parties to International Factoring 157
6.2.4 Types of International Factoring 158
6.2.5 Procedures of International Factoring 159
6.2.6 Application of International Factoring 159
6.3 Forfeiting 160
6.3.1 Concepts of Forfeiting 161
6.3.2 The Development of Forfeiting 161
6.3.3 Characteristics of Forfeiting 161
6.3.4 Parties to Forfeiting 162
6.3.5 Procedure of Forfeiting 162
6.3.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of Forfeiting 163
6.4 Cases 164
Chapter 7 Documents Used in International Settlement 166
7.1 Commercial Documents 166
7.1.1 Commercial Invoice 166
7.1.2 Customs Invoice 167
7.1.3 Packing List 169
7.2 Transport Documents 172
7.2.1 Marine Bills of Lading 172
7.2.2 Airway Bill 176
7.2.3 Railway Bill 176
7.3 Insurance Documents 178
7.3.1 Insurance Policy 178
7.3.2 Insurance Certificate 180
7.4 Official Documents 180
7.4.1 Certificate of Origin 180
7.4.2 Inspection Certificate 182
7.5 Documents Examinations and Disposal of Discrepancies 185
7.5.1 Document Checklists 185
7.5.2 Documents Examination 185
7.5.3 Disposal of Discrepancies 188
7.6 Cases 188
Chapter 8 Non-trade Settlement 193
8.1 Basic Content of Non-trade Settlement 193
8.2 Non-trade Remittance 193
8.2.1 Overseas Chinese Remittance 193
8.2.2 Traveler’s Check 193
8.3 Clean Collection and Clean L/C 196
8.3.1 Clean Collection 196
8.3.2 Clean L/C and Traveler’s L/C 197
8.4 Credit Card 198
8.4.1 Definition of Credit Card 198
8.4.2 Parties to Credit Card 198
8.4.3 Procedure of Credit Card 199
8.4.4 Function of Credit Card 200
8.4.5 Kinds of Credit Card 201
8.5 Cases 201
Chapter 9 Cyber Payments 203
9.1 Introduction of Cyber Payments 203
9.1.1 Definition of Cyber Payment 203
9.1.2 Parties Involved in Cyber Payment 204
9.1.3 Types of Electronic Cash Technology 205
9.1.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Cyber Payments 205
9.2 Payment through the Internet 206
9.2.1 Electronic Cash on the Internet 206
9.2.2 Credit and Charge Cards on the Internet 209
9.2.3 Internet Banking 211
9.2.4 Secure Electronic Transaction Protocol 211
9.2.5 Secure Socket Layer Protocol for Electronic Payment 212
9.2.6 Risks in Cyber Payment 212
9.3 Cyber Payments—Today and Future 212
9.3.1 Cyber Payments Today 212
9.3.2 The Future of Cyber Payments 213
9.4 Cases 213
Appendix 1 Glossary 218
Appendix 2 ICC Uniform Rules for Collections 239
Appendix 3 ICC Uniform and Practice for Documentary Credit 248
Appendix 4 International Standby Practices (ISP98) 267
Appendix 5 ICC Uniform Rules for Bank-to-Bank Reimbursements under Documentary
Credits (ICC Publication No.525) 270
References 278
Postscript 280
后記 281