Mixed-Species Forests ─ Ecology and Management

This textbook offers a detailed overview of the current state of knowledge concerning the ecology and management of compositionally and structurally diverse forests. It provides answers to central questions such as:

• What are the scientific concepts used to assess the growth, dynamics and functioning of mixed-species forests, how generalizable are they, and what kind of experiments are necessary to develop them further?
• How do mixed-species stands compare with monocultures in relation to productivity, wood quality, and ecological stability in the face of stress and disturbances?
• How are the effects of species mixtures on ecosystem functioning influenced by the particular species composition, site conditions, and stand structure?
• How does any over- or underyielding at the forest-stand level emerge from the tree and organ level, and what are the main mechanisms behind mixing effects?
• How can our current scientific understanding of mixed-species forests be integrated into silvicultural concepts as well as practical forest management and planning?
• Do the ecological characteristics of mixed-species stands also translate into economic differences between mixtures and monocultures?

In addition, the book addresses experimental designs and analytical approaches to study mixed-species forests and provides extensive empirical information, general concepts, models, and management approaches for mixed-species forests. As such, it offers a valuable resource for students, scientists and educators, as well as professional forest planners, managers, and consultants.

Hans Pretzsch (*1957) received his Ph. D. in Forest Growth and Yield Science and Biometrics at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen and his Dr. h. c. at Czech University of Agriculture of Prag. Dr. Pretzsch has been Professor of Forest Growth and Yield Science at Technische Universitat Munchen since 1994 and responsible for the network of long-term experimental plots in Bavaria which date back to 1860. For the past 20 years he focused on general rules of tree and stand growth, forest modelling, and diagnosis of forest growth disturbances. He currently teaches forestry and sustainable resource management to undergraduate and graduate students as well as professional foresters.

Special scientific expertise: Spatially explicit modelling of pure and mixed forest stands, Mixed stand analysis, Structural allometry under competitive stress, Application of terrestrial Lidar and Computer tomography for analysis of external and external structures on tree and stand level. International network: UBC Vancouver, Canada; SU Stellenbosch, South Africa; University of Alberta, Canada; CZU Prague, Czech Republic; Laval University, Quebec, Canada. Special responsibilities: Management of the municipal forest enterprise Traunstein/Bavaria, Maintenance of the network of long-term experimental plots in Bavaria, Chief Editor of the “European Journal of Forest Research”

Current affiliation: Chair for Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technische Universitat Munchen, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.

Email address: H.Pretzsch@lrz.tum.de

Jurgen Bauhus (*1964) is Professor of Silviculture at the Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources at Freiburg University, Germany. He studied forest sciences in Freiburg, Vienna, and Gottingen, received his PhD from Gottingen University and spent 2 years as a post-doc at the University of Quebec at Montreal. From 1996 to 2003 he worked as lecturer and senior lecturer in silviculture and tree physiology at the Australian National University, where dynamics of mixed-species plantations and native forests were a focus of his research. In 2003, he took up the Chair of Silviculture at Freiburg University, where he developed a research program on structure and dynamics of forests, carbon and nutrient cycles, ecological interactions in forest ecosystems as well as the adaptation of forests to global change. At Freiburg University, Prof. Bauhus established an international MSc Program in Forest Sciences, the graduate school “Environment, Society and Global Change” and served as Dean of the Faculty of Forest and Environmental Sciences from 2011-2013. His efforts in teaching and student support were awarded in 2008 with the teaching prize of the University of Freiburg and the “Professor of the Year” award of the German-wide university magazine, UNICUM. Jurgen published several books and more than 150 peer-reviewed papers and book chapters. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board on Forest Policy at the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture. For his scientific accomplishments he received in 2014 the IUFRO scientific achievement award as the first German forest scientist.

Current affiliation: Chair of Silviculture, Faculty of Environment an Natural Resources, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Tennenbacherstr. 4, 79085 Freiburg im Breisgau.

Email address: juergen.bauhus@waldbau.uni-freiburg.de

David Forrester (*1978) is a research scientist in the Stand dynamics and Silviculture group at the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL. He studied forest science at the Australian National University where he received a Bachelor of Science degree (2000) and PhD (2004). His PhD project focused on the growth dynamics of mixed species forests and how species interactions influence carbon and nutrient pools and fluxes. From 2005 to 2012 David was a post-doc at the Department of Forest and Ecosystem Science, University of Melbourne, Australia. There he studied the effects of various silvicultural treatments and species interaction on growth, log quality, water cycles and light absorption. During this time he won a Victoria Fellowship (2008) to travel through Chile, Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil to synthesize the range of mixed species systems used in plantations as well as the silviculture used to produce solid wood products. In 2009 he received a Humboldt Fellowship to examine the influence of site and climate on species interactions in the Black Forest of Germany. David worked as a research scientist at the Chair of Silviculture at Freiburg University, Germany, between 2012 and 2016, where he won a Heisenberg Fellowship. Since 2017, he has been managing the long-term growth and yield plot network at WSL. David has published about 80 peer-reviewed papers.

Current affiliation: Stand dynamics and silviculture, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zurcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Email address: david.forrester@wsl.ch