猴子的荒野：莎士比亞《威尼斯商人》新創復仇喜劇續集

莎翁名劇《威尼斯商人》（The Merchant of Venice）中，猶太人夏洛克的女兒潔西卡和基督徒羅倫佐私奔，而羅倫佐的朋友，威尼斯大商人安東尼奧則向夏洛克借貸，金援友人落魄貴族巴薩尼歐追求富貴千金波西亞，立下契約「若無法償還欠款，則割下一磅肉還債」。最終波西亞女扮男裝、化身法學博士，援引古老的威尼斯律法為安東尼奧解套，將了貪婪的猶太人夏洛克一軍。

然而夏洛克真的是邪惡而貪婪的嗎？抑或他只是生活在威尼斯、受到歧視和壓迫的猶太人的縮影？如果基督徒羅倫佐實際上是個騙財騙色的渣男，而與他私奔的潔西卡看清自己受到拐騙，回頭幫助父親夏洛克對威尼斯商人們進行復仇，故事又會如何演變呢？

《猴子的荒野》是美國加州大學洛杉磯分校戲劇系深具影響力的榮譽退休教授凱羅‧費雪‧索根芙瑞所構思創作，為接續莎士比亞名劇《威尼斯商人》的創新喜劇，添加以喬裝為男守衛的威尼斯女公爵角色所帶來的法律新解，融入16世紀風靡一時的鬱金香狂熱，並以21世紀的後現代女性主義視角，來重新解讀宗教、種族、性別的重要議題，顛覆莎翁的盎格魯撒克遜沙文主義，為猶太人平反歷史長久的冤屈。"

作者
凱羅‧費雪‧索根芙瑞（Carol Fisher Sorgenfrei），美國加州大學洛杉磯分校戲劇系榮休教授。創作17部劇本，包括獲得多項獎項的Medea: A Noh Cycle Based on the Greek Myth，廣受好評的以色列製作The Dybbuk: Between Two Worlds，西班牙佛朗明哥─日本歌舞伎Blood Wine/Blood Wedding，以及本書《猴子的荒野》等。她最新的劇本How To Read Japanese融合莎劇《馬克白》與日本歌舞伎《四谷》鬼故事。學術書籍包括Unspeakable Acts: The Avant-Garde Theatre of Terayama Shūji and Postwar Japan，與共同作者的Theatre Histories: An Introduction。她也是位翻譯家及導演。

譯者
段馨君（Iris H. Tuan），美國加州大學洛杉磯分校戲劇劇場系博士，現任國立陽明交通大學專任教授。專長領域：劇場表演研究、西方戲劇文學與理論、女性主義、跨文化主義、電影研究、影視串流媒體、文化創意產業。"

猴子的荒野
序幕
第一幕
第二幕

A WILDERNESS OF MONKEYS
PROLOGUE
ACT I
ACT II"

〈序幕〉

（喇叭小號聲響起。打燈光隔離出女公爵。）

女公爵：八十一年前，我的祖父建立了法律，確保我們偉大的威尼斯共和國安全無虞。因此，我，你們的女公爵，今日重申那些古法令。
（讀長捲軸。）
作為一個國際貿易中心，我們渴望與各方外來商賈進行貿易往來。然而，為了保護我們基督徒的純潔，只有被認可的人，才可在威尼斯生活。因此，所有的猶太人都被宣布為「外邦人」。那些在威尼斯討生活的猶太人，將繼續居住在隔都（Ghetto Nuovo），並實施宵禁，在晚上將大門鎖起。猶太人必須在他們的衣服上附上突顯其身分的黃色大衛之星。猶太人與基督徒只可以於白天進出隔都，而且只能是為了合法的商業目的。禁止基督徒與猶太人通婚。除此之外，男扮女裝和女扮男裝都是被嚴格禁止的，只有在神聖教會許可的狂歡節期間，或是為了維護城邦的安全，才得例外。

（喇叭小號聲響起。女公爵捲起文告，關上陽台屏風。她開始改變裝扮，穿上男守衛的衣服、戴上假髮等等。）

女公爵：（在旁邊，對著觀眾）假如你想要知道到底發生了什麼，你必須和他們打成一片。轉變你自己。
（撿起來，扔掉不同的義大利藝術即興喜劇的面具。）
沒有特別惹眼的地方。就這樣……隱身其中。有些人或許會說這是間諜行為，甚至是非法行動。而我說，這是「為了維護城邦的安全」。

（現在穿著守衛服，她移動走至橋。）

〈第一幕〉

第一場

女公爵／守衛：（對著觀眾）夜晚。運河上的橋將猶太人聚居的隔都與威尼斯其他地方一分為二。大門深鎖。女公爵喬裝為男守衛，擋在門外隔阻著入口。

（安東尼奧、羅倫佐與巴薩尼歐從威尼斯那一側走上橋，醉醺醺地。）

羅倫佐：嘿，吉爾多！吉爾多！

女公爵／守衛：吉爾多已被調職。

羅倫佐：不是我的小吉爾多？他應與我們一起喝酒。沒跟吉爾多喝酒，無法回家。

巴薩尼歐：也許你想要跟我們喝酒？好酒。好骰子。喜歡賭博嗎？嘿，你叫什麼名字？

（他們坐在橋上，懶散地喝酒與玩骰子。女公爵／守衛仍舊站著看守。）

女公爵／守衛：文森佐。

巴薩尼歐：文森佐……文尼！想喝點酒嗎，文尼？

羅倫佐：一點葡萄酒給文尼？

安東尼奧：別打攪他。他只是在做他的工作。

巴薩尼歐：我認為安東尼奧需要一杯酒。

羅倫佐：或是一個女人。這樣如何呢？嘿，文尼，知道哪裡有乾淨的妓女嗎？我的朋友安東尼奧……那個字是什麼來著？……他……

巴薩尼歐：他有潔癖？

羅倫佐：對了。潔……癖……就是那樣。所以幫幫我們吧，文尼，好嗎？一個迷人的、乾淨的小猶太女子……

女公爵／守衛：那違反法律。

羅倫佐：對我的朋友安東尼奧來說不會。一場異國情調的性愛或許可以讓他振作起來。

安東尼奧：算了吧，羅倫佐。我沒興趣。

羅倫佐：拜託，文尼，放鬆點！假裝你是吉爾多，他總是跟我們喝酒賭博。

（他搖骰子。女公爵／守衛參與跟他們喝酒玩骰子。）

女公爵／守衛：常這樣做？

羅倫佐：夠經常了。快擲（骰子）。

女公爵／守衛：太多的話我負擔不起。

巴薩尼歐：別擔心。安東尼奧有得是錢，足夠為我們所有人背債了。他在世界各地都有船隊在做生意。現在閉嘴，喝酒吧。

羅倫佐：你去過希比的妓院嗎？我可是曾經聽說過不少匪夷所思的故事。野性的小女人們，就像異國情調的貓，那些小爪子……喔！猶太女人！是的，文尼，我知道那條法律，但我打賭有不少男人曾經設法游過運河，偷溜進去。

女公爵／守衛：在我輪值的時候，不可能。

羅倫佐：我打賭我進得去。怎麼樣？有人想賭嗎？

安東尼奧：羅倫佐，在說什麼呢？

羅倫佐：我打賭我可以溜進隔都，搞到個迷人的小猶太女人屁股。有任何人要賭嗎？

巴薩尼歐：就算你真的搞到了，你也不知道該怎麼做的啦！而且，我們需要證據。

羅倫佐：好吧，那我把她帶出來給你們看怎麼樣？

安東尼奧：不可能。只要問文尼就知道。

女公爵／守衛：法律並不禁止在白天出入隔都。但基督徒男人與猶太女人交媾是犯罪。

羅倫佐：那如果那女人是基督徒呢？

女公爵／守衛：只有猶太人住在隔都。

羅倫佐：行，比方說…不是妓女，而是一位令人尊敬的猶太女子……，假設她陷入愛河，她只需要…我不知道……

巴薩尼歐：怎麼樣？跟你私奔，然後轉宗變成基督徒？

羅倫佐：為什麼不呢？而且假如她很富有，或許還動手偷她父親的黃金……，那麼，會很好玩的！可不是吹噓啊，紳士們，我的詩，大家都知道，可以融化冰霜女王的心。
（他擺出姿勢，開始當眾吟誦）
「月光皎潔。在這樣的一個夜晚……」

（安東尼奧與巴薩尼歐發出不滿的哼哼嘆息聲，醉醺醺地開始跟著羅倫佐吟詩，重複該段詩文的剩餘部分。）

羅、巴、安：「……當甜美的風輕吻過樹林，……」

（巴薩尼歐與安東尼奧突然大笑。）

羅倫佐：你們這群非利士人。相信我，當我在她們的陽台下吟誦我的詩……

巴薩尼歐：她們將拋下數袋黃金與珠寶，拜倒在你腳下？

羅倫佐：我已經有過許多成功的案例。

安東尼奧：在她父親眼皮子底下，讓一個猶太女子轉宗？那將是個怎樣的遊戲啊！假如你可以做到，羅倫佐，特別是假如我們討論的那個猶太人恰好是夏洛克──我將愉悅地為你所有的開銷買單──也別提那賭注了，看見那老惡棍痛苦蠕動，就是足夠的報償。

羅倫佐：你怎麼說，文尼？你會幫我們嗎？

女公爵／守衛：只要不犯法。只在白天進出隔都，而且在她轉宗之前不准有性行為。同意嗎？

羅倫佐：同意。

巴薩尼歐：我只是不懂，為什麼羅倫佐是唯一可以得到好處的人？安東尼奧，那我呢？

安東尼奧：你想怎麼樣？

巴薩尼歐：貝爾蒙特的那位小姐。

安東尼奧：沒有人曾贏得那賭注。遵照她父親的遺囑，她只能嫁給那個選對匣子的男人：金、銀或鉛。獲勝者得到那女孩與她如夢似幻的莊園。失敗者將孤老終生，完全禁慾、沒性生活。風險這麼大，你還想要嘗試嗎？

巴薩尼歐：我確定有個僕人可以賄賂。而且事實是，我一直都對她有感覺。給我換身新裝，我就可以扮個新角色。不是這個襤褸破爛、身無分文的貴族，而是一位高雅的追求者──那就是你的錢幫得上忙的地方了，我的朋友。

安東尼奧：這遊戲愈來愈昂貴了。我的現金大多數被綁在我的船隊上。它們沒照歸期返回，已經好幾個月了。

巴薩尼歐：那就跟猶太人借貸。

羅倫佐：誰？夏洛克嗎？他剛好有一個女兒……

安東尼奧：那真的會很好玩！紳士們，開始吧！

（安靜地，女公爵／守衛寫字條給她自己。）

 
PROLOGUE

TRUMPET blows. LIGHTS isolate DUCHESS.

DUCHESS
Eighty-one years ago, my grandfather established laws to ensure the safety of our great Venetian Republic. Therefore, I, your Duchess, today reaffirm those ancient edicts.
(reads from scroll)
As an international trading center, commerce with aliens of every variety is desirable. However, to protect our Christian purity, only those deemed acceptable may live in Venice. Therefore, all Jews are declared aliens. Those who reside in Venice will continue to live in the Ghetto Nuovo, which will be gated and locked at night. All Jews shall affix a yellow Star of David prominently to their clothing. Jews and Christians may enter and exit the ghetto only during daylight, and only for legitimate business purposes. Intermarriage between Christians and Jews is forbidden. In addition, the practice of males wearing female garb and females wearing male garb is strictly prohibited, with the exception of Carnival days approved by the Holy Church, or in the interest of state security.

TRUMPET sounds, DUCHESS rolls up proclamation, closes balcony screen. She begins to change into MALE GUARD's clothing, wig, etc.

DUCHESS
(aside, to audience)
If you want to know what's really going on, you've got to mingle. Transform yourself.
(picks up, discards various commedia dell'arte masks.)
Nothing obvious. Just… become invisible. Some might call it spying. Some might even suggest it is illegal. I call it ""in the interest of state security.""

Now dressed as GUARD, she moves to the bridge.

ACT I

SCENE 1

DUCHESS/GUARD
(to audience)
Night. The bridge over the canal dividing the Jewish ghetto from the rest of Venice. The gate is locked. The Duchess, disguised as a male guard, blocks the entrance from the outside.

ANTONIO, LORENZO, and BASSANIO come up the bridge from the Venice side, very drunk.

LORENZO
Hey, Guido! Guido!

DUCHESS/GUARD
Guido's been transferred.

LORENZO
Not my little Guido? He's got to drink with us. Can't go home without drinking with Guido.

BASSANIO
Maybe you want to drink with us? Good wine. And dice. Like to gamble? Hey, what's your name?

They sit on the bridge and idly drink and play dice. The DUCHESS/GUARD still stands watch.

DUCHESS/GUARD
Vincenzo.

BASSANIO
Vincenzo... Vinnie! Wanna little drink, Vinnie?

LORENZO
A little vino for Vinnie?

ANTONIO
Leave him alone. He's just doing his job.

BASSANIO
I think Antonio needs a drink.

LORENZO
Or a woman. How 'bout it? Hey, Vinnie, know any clean little whores behind those gates? My friend Antonio's… what's the word? … he's…

BASSANIO
Fastidious?

LORENZO
Yeah. Fash…ti…that's the word. So help us out here, will ya, Vinnie? A nice, clean, little Jewess….

DUCHESS/GUARD
It's against the law.

LORENZO
Not for my Antonio. A little alien fuck might perk him right up.

ANTONIO
Forget it Lorenzo. I'm not interested.

LORENZO
Come on Vinnie, loosen up! Pretend you're Guido. He used to drink and gamble with us all the time.

He shakes the dice. DUCHESS/GUARD joins them drinking and playing dice.

DUCHESS/GUARD
Do this often?

LORENZO
Often enough. Toss.

DUCHESS/GUARD
I can't afford to lose much.

BASSANIO
Don't worry. Antonio's rich enough for all of us. He's got ships trading all over the world. Now shut up and drink.

LORENZO
Ever been inside of a Hebe whorehouse? I've heard fantastic stories. Wild little women, like exotic cats. Claws and all. Jewesses. Yeah, Vinnie, I know the law, but I bet a few guys've managed to swim the canal and sneak in.

DUCHESS/GUARD
Not on my watch.

LORENZO
I bet I could get in. What about it? Anyone willing to bet?

ANTONIO
What are talking about, Lorenzo?

LORENZO
I'll bet that I can get into that ghetto and get me a nice, little piece of Jewish ass. Any takers?

BASSANIO
You wouldn't know what to do with it if you did get it. Besides, we'd need proof.

LORENZO
All right, what if I bring her out and show you?

ANTONIO
Impossible. Just ask Vinnie.

DUCHESS/GUARD
There's no law against coming and going in the daytime. But carnal knowledge between a Christian man and a Jewess is a crime.

LORENZO
What if she was Christian?

DUCHESS/GUARD
Only Jews live in the ghetto.

LORENZO
OK, let's say… Not a whore, but a respectable Jewess. ...Pretend to be in love. She just might… I don't know…

BASSANIO
What? Run off with you and become a Christian?

LORENZO
Why not? And if she was rich, maybe steal her father's gold... Well, we might even have little fun out of it! Not to boast, gentlemen, but my poetry's been known to melt the hearts of ice queens.
(he poses and begins to recite)
""The moon shines bright. In such a night as this…""

ANTONIO and BASSANIO groan, and drunkenly begin to repeat the rest of the verse along with LORENZO.

LORENZO, BASSANIO, and ANTONIO
""… When the sweet wind did gently kiss the trees, …""

BASSANIO and ANTONIO burst out laughing.

LORENZO
Philistines. Believe me, when I recite my verses beneath their balconies…

BASSANIO
They toss out bags of gold and jewels, and throw themselves at your feet?

LORENZO
I've had my share of successes.

ANTONIO
Convert a Jewess under the very nose of her father? What a game that would be! If you could do that, Lorenzo, and especially if the Jew in question just happened to be Shylock--I'd happily pay all your expenses--and forget the bet. Seeing the old villain squirm would be payment enough.

LORENZO
What do you say, Vinnie? You'll help us, no?

DUCHESS/GUARD
As long as no laws are broken. Go in and out of the ghetto only during the day, and have no carnal intercourse while she remains a Jew. Agreed?

LORENZO
Agreed.

BASSANIO
I just don't see why Lorenzo should be the only one to get the goodies. Antonio, what about me?

ANTONIO
What's the game?

BASSANIO
The Lady of Belmont.

ANTONIO
No one's ever won that wager. By her late father's will, she can only marry the man who chooses the right casket: gold, silver, or lead. The winner gets the girl and all her fabulous estate. The losers are condemned to a life of total celibacy. With stakes like that, you really want to chance it?

BASSANIO
There's sure to be a servant to bribe. And truth is, I've always kind of fancied her. Put me in a new costume, and I might even look the part. Not this shabby, penniless aristocrat, but an elegant suitor. Which is where you come in, my friend.

ANTONIO
This is getting expensive. Most of my cash is tied up in my ships. They're not due back for months.

BASSANIO
So borrow from a Jew money lender.

LORENZO
Say, Shylock? Who just happens to have a daughter....

ANTONIO
That really would be fun! Gentlemen, you’re on.

Quietly, DUCHESS/GUARD writes note to herself.