Founded in 1928, the Maternal Health Association of Cleveland, Ohio offered birth control services to poor women. The Association played a representative role in national reform movements and demonstr
Poor women in Victorian England were caught between contradictory expectations of the reproductive body, seen to preclude any but domestic labor, and the able body, which dictated that all poor but he
Basing their narrative on archival investigations of St. Luke's Hospital and Nurse Training School in St. Paul, Minnesota, Olson (nursing, U. of Hawaii) and Walsh (an independent historian) challenge
