呼嘯山莊(英漢對照)（簡體書）

It is significant that Heathcliff begins his life as a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool.When Bronte composed her book, in the 1840s, the English economy was severely depressed, and the conditions of the factory workers in industrial areas like Liverpool were so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violent revolt.Thus, many of the more affluent members of society beheld these workers with a mixture of sympathy and fear.In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory towns were often represented in religious terms,and compared to hell.The poet Willam Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of Englands "dark Satanic Mills." Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book.
Considering this historical context, Heathcliff seems to embody the anxieties that the books upperand middle-class audience had about the working classes.The reader may easily sympathize with him when he is powerless, as a child tyrannized* by Hindley Earnshaw, but he becomes a villain when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman.This corresponds with the ambivalence* the upper classes felt toward the lower classes-the upper classes
希刺克厲夫起初是利物浦街頭一名無家可歸的孤兒，這一點意義重大。在19世紀40年代，勃朗特寫這部小說的時候，英國經濟嚴重蕭條。當時，在利物浦這樣的工業地區，工廠工人的生存環境慘得令人驚訝，上層社會和中產階級都懼怕暴力革命。因此，英國社會許多富有的人們對這些工人既同情又畏懼。在文學作品中，這些煙霧彌漫、極具危險、悲慘萬分的工業城市常常被宗教術語所描繪，將其比作地獄。19世紀的詩人威廉·布萊克*曾把英格蘭稱為“黑暗恐怖的作坊”。當然，希刺克厲夫也就常常被小說中的其他人物比作惡魔。
鑒于如此的歷史背景，希刺克厲夫似乎代表了小說上層和中產階級讀者對工人階級的憂慮。當希刺克厲夫還是個孩子時，遭到辛德雷的虐待，顯得如此無助，讀者很容易同情他；但當他獲取了權力，帶著金錢，穿著紳士禮服回到呼嘯山莊時，他已變成了十足的惡棍。